Which of the following is NOT a constitutional element of an examination?

The correct answer highlights a fundamental aspect of the definitions used in medical examinations. A constitutional examination typically refers to a general assessment that evaluates the overall state of a patient's health, often encompassing vital signs, general appearance, and systematic observations that indicate the body’s functionality and overall well-being.

Among the choices provided, assessing the eyes through inspection is often considered a part of a focused examination rather than a general constitutional examination. Constitutional elements usually focus on broader aspects such as vital signs and general health indicators like height and heart rate, which are essential in evaluating a patient’s physical state comprehensively.

Palpation of the abdomen is also a direct examination method used to check for abnormalities, yet it pertains to a more specific examination of the abdominal region rather than the overall constitutional assessment. In contrast, height measurement and assessment of heart rate are essential components of the constitutional exam, providing insights into the patient's general health and vitality.

Thus, the rationale for the correct answer lies in the distinction between a constitutional examination, which encompasses broad health indicators, and focused evaluations that target specific body systems or areas.