What is the term for the incision made at the vaginal opening during delivery?

The term for the incision made at the vaginal opening during delivery is "episiotomy." This procedure is performed to enlarge the vaginal opening to facilitate childbirth and prevent tearing of the vaginal tissue. An episiotomy is typically done when the healthcare provider anticipates complications during delivery, such as fetal distress or the need for an assisted delivery. It allows for a more controlled method of delivering the baby and can help reduce the occurrence of more severe spontaneous tears.

In contrast, a hysterectomy refers to the surgical removal of the uterus, which is unrelated to delivery. Cerclage is a procedure where sutures are placed around the cervix to prevent premature birth by keeping the cervix closed during pregnancy. Colpotomy is a surgical procedure where an incision is made in the vagina for the purpose of accessing the pelvic cavity, which does not pertain to delivery. Understanding these terms helps clarify the specific role and importance of an episiotomy during childbirth.